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Termites

What are termites?

Termites are insects that consume cellulose. Cellulose can be found in woods, papers, gypsum, trees, and etc. Therefore, Termites have been one of the biggest threats to home owners.

Termites are social insects, dividing into different caste as follows:

  1. The queen termite – Main responsibility is to lay eggs and distribute pheromones for caste division
  2. Worker termite caste – The most dangerous caste toward homes. Worker termites do labor works in the colony; foraging, storing food, feeding other members of the colony, etc. Worker termites build mud tubes as they forage for food source. The newly constructed mud tubes with termite activities will be moist and will contain termite workers. Termite workers are small and white. Their moving pace are quite swift.
  3. Soldier termite caste – Their main purpose is to defend the colony from foreign predators. When the colony is at the verge of collapse, the soldier caste will be found in the tunnel instead of the worker caste. Soldier termites may have white body, but the head will be orange with large mandibles. Most termite species, soldier termite’s head will be larger than the body.
  4. Swarmer/Alates – is a reproductive caste that flyout and seek new places for their own colony. Swarmer come out at night and are attracted to light. After shedding their wings, Swarmer have only several hours to find a mate and place that is suitable to build their nest. If Swarmer can do both, they will become king and queen of their colony. If not, Swarmer will die a few hours after shedding their wings.

ปลวกที่พบบ่อยตามบ้านเรือนในประเทศไทย

  • Subterranean Termites
  • Dry Wood Termite
  • Damp Wood Termites

Subterranean Termites

Subterranean Termites will forage for several food source, may contain around 500,000 termites in a colony. In some species, Subterranean Termites’ queen sole responsibility is to lay egg. Some species of Subterranean Termites even have several secondary reproductive caste to help laying eggs in its colony.

  • Termite tubes - Subterranean Termites always construct tubes to search for food. The tubes are made of mud and saliva. The tubes are made by Termite Worker caste which construct and maintain the tunnel at the average rate of 3 centimeters per hour.
  • Foraging - Foraging is the main activity in a Subterranean Termite’s colony. The Termite Worker caste is the only caste responsible for the task. Termite Worker connect the colony with mud tubes. These mud tubes will be expanded until a food source is found. When food sources are found, Termite Workers will walk along the tube to bring the food back to the colony.
  • Feeding - Subterranean Termites pass on food and digestive enzyme from mouth to mouth
  • Cleaning - Termite Worker will clean each other, cleaning away microbes leaving only the colony’s pheromone on themselves.
  • Swarmers - Termite Swarmer will fly off to establish new colony every one or two years. This reproductive caste will mate with other reproduction caste from another colony.

New Colony:

  • Mating - Subterranean Termites will start a new colony through Swarmer, the reproductive caste in the colony. Swarmer will leave the colony during a nuptial flight, in which they will scatter and search for another Swarmer from a different colony. Afterwards, they will mate and have to find a suitable place for a new colony and lay their first set of eggs. However, to build a colony, factors such as food, dampness, and climate are crucial for their survival.
  • Colony expansion - In some cases, a secondary colony maybe found near the main colony. This may occur when the main colony is very large, and cover large grounds. The secondary colony then will be an ‘expansion’ of the colony. This secondary colony will have secondary reproduction caste in it. The secondary queen will lay eggs until the colony expansion reaches its potential. The secondary colony will then cut off from the main colony thereby becoming an independent colony.
  • Nesting in condominiums, apartments and tall buildings - Subterranean Termites can also be found in high rise buildings, apartments, and condominium. Since some of the building structure may contain cellulose, places such as damped storage room, leaked ceiling bathroom, and damp library can be food source for termite.

Consumption behavior:: 600,000 Subterranean Termites can eat 6 grams of wood per day when no other food option is available. This equals to about 50*5*10 centimeters gone in 5 months. A fully developed colony may eat the above-mentioned wood within 15 days.

Dry Wood Termite

Dry Wood Termites are not dependent on soil for survival. Dry Wood Termites’ nests are much smaller than Subterranean Termite thus damaging less. A Dry Wood Termites’ nest has roughly 1,000 termites, eating approximately 500 grams per year.

ปลวกไม้แห้งจะทิ้งมูลไว้Dry Wood Termites will drop fecal pellets as a sign of their infestation. These fecal pellets are left where they consume wood. The pellets are hexagonal, but the color of pellets depends on the color of wood they ate.

Dry Wood Termites’ new nest will be found when two Swarmer from different colonies mated. Once they mate, the king and queen will find a suitable wood to embed in. Unlike Subterranean Termites, Dry Wood Termites do not construct mud tubes. Therefore, most of the destruction often goes undetected.

When the infested wood piece is connected to another wood or furniture, the destruction may be extensive.

Damp Wood Termites

Similar to dry wood termites, Damp Wood Termites are not soil dependent. Their nests are rather small containing about 2,000 termites. Damp Wood Termites often make their nest in damp woods, hence the name.

Damp Wood Termites also have the identical behavior of leaving feces as signs of infestation. The color of the feces depends on the color of the wood they ate. Sometimes Damp Wood Termites use their own feces to seal the hole in the damaged wood; this is the major difference between damp and dry wood termites.

Building new nests. Damp Wood Termites will build new nest quietly and are often undetectable. They will burrow into the wood piece and nest in the wood piece with no mud tubes to signal their activities.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I know if my house is infested with termites?

  • To check termite activities, you might want to look for mud tubes. The mud tubes will be constructed along places like walls, floors, ceiling, paper boxes, under the cabinet, and any quiet damp and dark place. The active mud tubes will be moist, with Worker Termites crawling inside
  • If one or more areas of the house are spotted with more than 500 Swarmer, this maybe a sign that you might have a colony in your home.

I have Swarmer in my house, does this mean my house is infested?

  • Not always. Even though Termite Swarmer are the reproductive caste of termites, but their sole purpose is to mate and build colony, not foraging. Most Swarmer that fly into your home have one purpose: to build a colony. This is not easy. The right condition to build a nest include appropriate temperature, water, and food source in dark and undisturbed place. If these conditions are not met, Swarmer will die within 24 hours.
  • If you find Swarmer in or around your house, but the number is less than 500 and they do not fly out from one area of your home; it can be assumed that those Swarmer are from other areas looking for a mate and a place to build a new colony.

My house doesn’t have termites, do we need termite service?

  • We recommend you to do it. As the house aged, land subsided creating cracks and crevices, the risk for termite infestation increased. At minimal, Virocare suggests a soil treatment and in-house treatment at least once a year.

My house got termite, what should I do?

  • We strongly advise against DIY termite treatment. Since most store-bought products contain repellent properties which can cause termites infestation to spread throughout your house. The damage can be extensive.
  • Do call a professional pest control. While waiting for the service, refrain from any DIY methods. This will allow the pest control provider to see the original source of damage and enables them to find the cause of infestations.

How long does it take to eradicate the whole colony?

  • Up to 1 week for soil treatment method, depends on the product used in the service.
  • One to three months for bait system, depends on the product used as bait.

How many types of termite treatments are there?

There are 2 main methods for termite treatments:

    • Soil treatment; with two types of active ingredients:
      • Nonrepellent active ingredient; The active ingredient will not repel the termites, allowing termites to come in to contact with the product. The termites will be infected and die.
      • Repellent active ingredient; with main purpose for termite to change their foraging path away from targeting area.
    • Bait system
      • Termite bait is known to be safe for human. The chemical in the product targets specifically on termites.

Bait VS soil treatment, which one is better?

Virocare seeks to satisfy the need of our clients while choosing the method that is best for the site. Both bait system and soil treatment have pros and cons, fitting for different circumstances.

    • Bait system; aim to detect termite activities. When termite activity is detected, spot treatment will be performed
      • Pros – minimal contamination, small usage of chemical product, and physically tangible. The toxic bait will be installed in a station when infestation occurs, in which the client may open the box to see progress. However, since termites hate to be disturbed, we advised that the bait station not be tampered with.
      • Cons – the toxic bait will not be installed until there is a sign of infestation or termite activity. The bait system is designed to focus on protecting the house perimeters, checking termites’ activities that may occur outside the house. Hence, termites’ activities from under or inside the house will go undetected until the damage appear.
    • Soil treatment; aim to exterminate on-site termites, or repel on-site termites from foraging near protected area.
      • Pros – prevent and exterminate termite before it could cause damage. The treatment cover both inside and outside of the house.
      • Cons – the service provider must have knowledge and skills in performing the treatment. If the service is done unprofessionally, the result may be ineffective and could also cause contamination.

How to prevent termite infestation?

  • Avoid wood piling adjacent to the building or house.
  • Frequently check and fix any leak; ceiling, bathroom grout, must be checked.
  • Hard copies of papers, folders, and books that are rarely used should be kept in plastic boxes.
  • Cardboard boxes that need to be kept should be place away from room corners.

Success Stories from our Team

How did it come in?

An owner of a condominium unit called us for termite service. His unit was in the higher part of the building, he was confused how termites got into his unit. Our team went in and investigate. They found infestations along floor corners. Damage was also found from his hallway to the kitchen. Furthermore, the team found potted plants placed in the balcony. These potted plants are where termites build their nest. Our team approached to spray the potted plants, and treatment along the infested cornice. After the treatment, in the follow-up session, no more termites were found.

Never ending

One of our clients had recurring termite issues. He had a 3 years contract with another pest control service. The contract service offered 1 time soil treatment for the client; the rest of the service sessions were regular house-checkups. If the termites were to damage the property, the pest control company will do a spot treatment on the infestation. The client told us that every checkup session, the service team was very swift in checking. When he informs the service team that he found termite infestations, the service team will do a spot treatment. Termites continued to infest, he informed the service team, the team came to do a spot treatment; this was the cycle. The client was suffering with the termite infestations, and with the service provider. He started to look for a new service provider… enters Virocare.
Virocare was honored to be chosen by the client. He signed a one year contract that offered a soil treatment and full treatment for the house. The treatment will be done whether or not the termite was found, preventing damages from any hidden threat. The client was very happy with the result. He continues to choose Virocare to be his pest control service provider.

High building

A hotel client found Swarmer issue in Penthouse suite. Swarmer kept coming back, causing nuisance to the hotel customers. The hotel called Virocare for a check-up and a solution.
Our team went in to conduct an investigation, upon their examination, they found that above the suite is a spotlight for common area. The spotlight attracted large number of Swarmer. However, the hotel wanted to know how did Swarmer got into the suite. Since the door and windows of the suite were all sealed and closed, hotel’s engineering team argued that there was no way Swarmer could get in. Our service team asked the engineering team to open the ceiling for further examination. When the housekeeping department agreed for the opening, the engineering department opened up the ceiling. When the ceiling was removed, countless Swarmer wings fell down. After further investigation, they found a space between the aluminum composite, allowing Swarmer to come through.

Virocare suggested the engineering team to seal up the space, preventing Swarmer to get into the suite. The housekeepers were happy, their customer was no longer disturbed by Swarmer.

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"I used to have small cockroaches in the apartment. They lived in drawers and cupboard. The juristic offers pest control service, too, and they come into solve our cockroach problems. The problem still exists. My girlfriend called Virocare. The team arrived and inspected our place. They told us the problems we were experiencing. They found eggs; cockroaches’ egg and the younger generation cockroaches that probably just hatched. After the first service treatment, the number of cockroaches reduced significantly. The service team puts several cockroaches traps in our apartment to check the pest population. These traps, we also used before they carried out service. They were always full with roaches. After the treatment, we saw the difference this time. We found the number was far less than what we had encounter. The big ones still existed, but in a much less number, less than 5 (from more than 20). The team came in once more for a follow up session. After that our apartment was roaches-free. Since we chose one-time service, after the follow up session, we still use the roaches trap to keep our eyes on them. Surprisingly, they didn’t come back. We were very happy with the outcome."

Khun Play

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